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TIRED, DIRTY AND HUNGRY after a day of travel and
photography, my husband and I arrived at the Yellowstone campground too late in
the day to find a spot, even in overflow. A sympathetic park attendant
directed us down a rough, rarely used road to a parking lot at the back of
beyond. Climbing out of the truck, we decided to check out the surrounding
forest before fixing supper.
We could hear a bird calling ahead. As we stepped into a
clearing, we spied a young great grey owl ensconced at the top of a broken tree
trunk. Although nearly completely fledged, it had enough remaining baby fluff
on its head to give it a comical look as it sat squawking.
As we watched, an adult great grey glided silently out of
the dense trees at the forest edge and delivered a nice, plump vole to junior.
All thoughts of our own meal forgotten, we hunkered down in the brush. The
adult owl returned to a perch at the clearing edge, sat staring at the tall
grass below its feet and plunged, talons first. Barely hesitating, it rose back
into the air with another furry tidbit for the little feathered pig that was
still calling for food. We watched the adult repeat this process several times,
until it became too dark for us to find our way back to the truck without
sustaining injury. The cuts and bruises were worth it.
Great grey owls never fail to enchant me with their silent
flight, beautiful markings and deadly hunting accuracy. They are northern
birds, ranging from Alaska across to western Quebec, and south into northern
Minnesota. They also live in high-elevation mountain forests as far south as
central California and northwest Wyoming. Other great greys make their homes
across northern Eurasia.
The scientific name, Strix nebulosa, refers to the bird's
nebulous or "misty" colouration. Those fluffy feathers keep the owl warm and
make it look deceptively bulky. An armful to hold, it weighs only 1 to 1.5
kilograms (two to three pounds). By length, it is the largest owl in North
America, and it has the biggest wingspan at 140 centimetres (55 inches).
However, both the snowy owl and the great horned owl weigh more.
Great grey owls in Canada and Alaska dine almost exclusively
on mouse-like voles. Hunting night and day, the owl often waits on a perch
until spying or hearing its prey. In winter, it relies almost totally on its
excellent hearing to detect the squeaks of voles scurrying about in their snow
tunnels. The parabolic discs of feathers on the owl's face gather sound, and
its asymmetric ear openings let it precisely locate the source of the noise,
through up to half a metre (1.5 feet) of snow, and from more than 25 metres (27
yards) away. Having pinpointed its prey, the owl plunges feet first into the
snow after it. Scientists report that a great grey can crash through snow crust
that will support an adult person.
Dependence on one food source has drawbacks. Small rodent
populations are cyclic, reaching a peak and then declining sharply. When food
is scarce, great greys and other owl species travel out of their normal winter
range in migrations known as irruptions. The winter of 2004-2005 saw one of the
largest recorded irruptions. People as far south as Minnesota and Wisconsin and
as far east as Ontario and Quebec were treated to a rare glimpse of this great
grey ghost. Many called it the thrill of a lifetime.
If voles, also known as meadow mice, abound where you live,
watch for great grey owls, as well.
- REBECCA L. GRAMBO
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